Urticaria

Urticaria

A 12-year-old boy is brought to the office for evaluation of hives. He has no significant past medical history and no history of allergies. He has just joined the middle school soccer team and noticed that he gets hives about 10 minutes into practice. The hives are itchy and consist of irregular blotches on his legs and trunk, about 10–20 cm in size, and they persist for about 30 minutes. He does not experience swelling of the lips or oropharynx and denies any wheezing or shortness of breath. His physical examination is normal without skin lesions or oral swelling at that moment, and his lungs are clear. After evaluation, he is diagnosed with urticaria.

1. Discuss   A 12-year-old boy is brought to the office for evaluation of hives. He has no significant past medical history and no history of allergies. He has just joined the middle school soccer team and noticed that he gets hives about 10 minutes into practice. The hives are itchy and consist of irregular blotches on his legs and trunk, about 10–20 cm in size, and they persist for about 30 minutes. He does not experience swelling of the lips or oropharynx and denies any wheezing or shortness of breath. His physical examination is normal without skin lesions or oral swelling at that moment, and his lungs are clear. After evaluation, he is diagnosed with urticaria.
2. Discuss the likely cause of the patient’s urticaria.
3. Describe the cellular mechanism of urticaria and how it leads to the signs and symptoms experienced by the patient. 
4. Describe the relationship between the patient’s symptoms and the concept of inflammation. 
5. What pharmacological and non-pharmacologic treatment options are available?  
6. Discuss the complications of urticaria. 
7. What teaching would be appropriate to provide the parent and child about urticaria? 
8. Support your response with at least one current evidence based resource the likely cause of the patient’s urticaria.
9. Describe the cellular mechanism of urticaria and how it leads to the signs and symptoms experienced by the patient.  
10. Describe the relationship between the patient’s symptoms and the concept of inflammation. 
11. What pharmacological and  non-pharmacologic treatment options are available?  
12. Discuss the complications of  urticaria.  
13. What teaching would be appropriate to  provide the parent and child about urticaria? 
14. Support  your response with at least one current evidence  based resource  and non-pharmacologic

Hives (urticaria) are red, itchy welts that result from a skin reaction. The welts vary in size and appear and fade repeatedly as the reaction runs its course.

ORDER A PLAGIARISM FREE PAPER NOW

The condition is considered chronic hives if the welts appear for more than six weeks and recur frequently over months or years. Often, the cause of chronic hives is not clear. Urticaria

Chronic hives can be very uncomfortable and interfere with sleep and daily activities. For many people, antihistamines and anti-itch medications provide relief

Signs and symptoms of chronic hives include:

• Batches of red or skin-colored welts (wheals), which can appear anywhere on the body
• Welts that vary in size, change shape, and appear and fade repeatedly as the reaction runs its course
• Itching, which may be severe
• Painful swelling (angioedema) of the lips, eyelids and inside the throat
• A tendency for signs and symptoms to flare with triggers such as heat, exercise and stress
• A tendency for signs and symptoms to persist for more than six weeks and to recur frequently and unpredictably, sometimes for months or years

Short-term (acute) hives appear suddenly and clear up within a few weeks.

The welts that come with hives arise when certain cells release histamine and other chemicals into your bloodstream. Urticaria

Doctors often can’t identify the reason for chronic hives or why acute hives sometimes turn into a long-term problem. The skin reaction may be triggered by:

• Pain medications
• Insects or parasites
• Infection
• Scratching
• Heat or cold
• Stress
• Sunlight
• Exercise
• Alcohol or food
• Pressure on the skin, as from a tight waistband

In some cases, chronic hives may be related to an underlying illness, such as a thyroid disease or, rarely, cancer.

Chronic hives don’t put you at any sudden risk of a serious allergic reaction (anaphylaxis). But if you do experience hives as part of a serious allergic reaction, seek emergency care. Signs and symptoms of anaphylaxis include dizziness, trouble breathing, and swelling of your lips, eyelids and tongue Urticaria

Also check: Medical Malpractice